No sky too high, no sea too rough, no muff too tough. "[30] The difference in attitude between Hochuli and Moranz would be remembered in the unit awards. Additionally, exits were made with the Draeger Lar III Closed Circuit SCUBA under the harness. New approaches to recruitment, assessment, selection, and training are underpinning our transformation. SEAL and SWCC recruit candidates are now fully integrated with the rest of their Navy shipmates in recruit training. 122, 131, Amphibious Assault: Key to the World War II Battle for Peleliu, Toni L. Carrell, PhD, Office of Ocean Exploration and Research, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce web site, OSS in Action The Pacific and the Far East, Series: OSS Training in the National Parks and Service Abroad in World War II, Catoctin Mountain Park, Prince William Forest Park webpage, 8 August 2017, National Park Service, 1100 Ohio Drive, SW, Washington, DC 20242, OPERATIONAL SWIMMER GROUP NAMES IS FROM A LIST WITH THE OSS HONOR ARTICLE PAGE, Military Memories webpage, UDT 13, The Men From Fort Pierce(excerpts), Marvin Cooper, U. S. Naval Special Warfare Archives web-site, Underwater Demolition, "All Hands", The Bureau of Naval Personal Information Bulletin, October 1945, NAVPERS-0 NUMBER 343 pp. UDT 9 lost 70% of the team to this change. I voluntarily accept the inherent hazards of my profession, placing the welfare and security of others before my own. The next day a Japanese bomb hit UDT 15's APD, USSBlessman killing fifteen and wounding 23. "I told him . In SEAL training and in life, it certainly does pay to be a winner. It was therefore decided to create a new type of unit that would build on the UDT's elite qualities and water-borne expertise, but would add land combat skills, including parachute training and guerrilla/counterinsurgency operations. This preliminary assessment was done in anticipation of making water jumps once the Detachment returned to Little Creek. Frogmen: Before Navy SEALs, Underwater Demolition Teams Were Making a Rounding out the Detachment were LTJG Jack Connelly, ENS Tony Steimle, BM1 Joe DiMartino, BM1 Fred Robby Robbins, QM1 Charles Moose Boitnott, GM1 Ben Sulinski, MN1 Jim McGee, CD1 Paul Grimes, GM2 Tom McAllister, MM2 Charlie Bond, EM2 Frank Moncrief, BM3 Bob Salerno, SW3 Bob Ballard, and IC3 Dick Prahm. [21] The men were to follow Marine Corps Recon procedure with each two-man team getting close to the beach in a inflatable boats to make their observations wearing fatigues, boots, helmets, and life-lined to their boats. 4,246 Navy Seal Frogman Premium High Res Photos - Getty Images The first phase began at Amphibious Training Base (ATB) Solomons, Maryland with the establishment of Operational Naval Demolition Unit No. a u.s. navy seal combat swimmer. [4] The 301st specialized in Harbor dredging. With that they came to be considered more elite and tactical during the Korean and Vietnam Wars. Navy SEAL Ethos Updated To Be Gender-Neutral - Task & Purpose NCDUs were also assigned to Operation Dragoon, the invasion of southern France, with a few units from Normandy participating there too. [29] At that time the Seabees of UDT 3 were transferred to Fort Pierce to be the instructors there. <>
Service, Campaign, Unit, and Personal). US Navy Seal Frogman Cutting File png ai eps svg Vector Digital cut file Download Military Silhouette Cricut Patriotic . "[14] It was and is still considered the first "Hell Week". Chief Gene Gag Gagliardi then went on to qualify as a Jumpmaster and Instructor at the Armys Test Site, Yuma, AZ, and as a Rigger at Fort Lee, VA. So if you're feeling froggy, then you better jump, because this frogman's been there, done . Still in their trunks, they were taken directly to Rear Admiral Turner's flagship to report. It is not clear whether others from UDT attended this specialized training during the Korean War, but in 1954, the XO, UDT TWENTY-ONE, LT (Later CDR) Leo Huddleston (a WW II veteran of UDT THIRTEEN), was directed to review UDTs mission statement. UDTs 1 and 2 were decommissioned upon return to Hawaii with most the men transferred to UDTs 3, 4, 5, and 6. As a result of LT Huddlestons discovery, he immediately recommended that a chosen few, him included, acquire parachute training in order to determine whether this was in fact a viable option. Patch of the Underwater Demolition Teams. The additional jump training provided by the 77th SFG included about a dozen jumps from a variety of fixed and rotary wing aircraft. The NCDUs found that the best method was to blast the structural joints of a gate so that it fell down flat. Updated: February 2013. Unfortunately, the plans were not executed as laid out. Pallet lugging training run. This requires knowledge of ones own force, capabilities, strengths, and weaknesses. Recruiting was such an issue that three Lt. Cmdrs were transferred from USN Beach Battalions to command UDTs 11, 12, 13 that had no background in demolition. [17] This team was disbanded with NCDUs 2 and 3, plus three others assigned to MacArthur's 7th Amphibious force, and were the only NCDUs remaining at war's end. Acheson and three other UDT officers were posted to the 301st CB as blasting officers. A common man with uncommon desire to succeed. Thereinafter, a precedent was set for other WESTPAC Platoons to qualify as basic parachutists at the 1st SFG School, Camp Sukeran, Okinawa. Thus, the Vienna area was chosen as the first priority to infiltrate an OSS team. These concepts increase survivability and lethality of the joint force with kinetic, electronic warfare, and cyber effects. These threats demand U.S. special operations forces evolve quickly and creatively. My character and honor are steadfast. From the dense jungles of the Mekong Delta to the hot and dusty cities of Iraq, from deep below the ocean's surface to mountain ridges in Afghanistan, the US Navy SEALs "frogmen" have been a fixture in special operations since they were formally activated in 1962. Six Officers and eighteen enlisted men reported from the Seabees dynamiting and demolition school at Camp Peary for a four-week course. [1] Commando training was added making them the forerunner to the United States Navy SEAL program that exists today. The preparatory air and naval bombardment was ineffective, leaving many German guns to fire on the assault. Operation Military Kids was founded to be a resource for teens and young adults who are interested in joining the military, but don't know where to begin. The Water Is Never Cold, James Douglas O'Dell, 2000, p. 132, Brassey's, 22841 Quicksilver Drive, Dulles, Va. 20166. Nonetheless, LtCmdr. April 3, 2022. Most of their OSS gear was stored as it was not applicable to UDT work however, their swimfins came with them. Following this embryonic stage of development, jumping slowly became a part of the East Coast UDTs culture. The remaining teams were not deployed due to the war ending. The USMC ground commanders felt that every man that set foot on the island during the assault had an award coming. [21] Afterwards, Rear Admiral Turner concluded that the only way to get this kind of information was to do what these men had done as individual swimmers, which is what he relayed to Admiral Nimitz. This Detachment, headed by LTJG Fred Cook, graduated in December. Below is a mix of Navy SEAL creeds and ethos that have been collected from a variety of sources. Today, we are applying hard-earned combat lessonsidentifying irregular opportunities; fusing operations and intelligence; planning missions; and rehearsing and integrating with the joint force, other agencies, the intelligence community, and reliable international partnersto expand deterrence options and decision space. [33] The team remained in Tokyo Bay until 8 Sept when it was tasked with locating remaining Kamikaze and two-man submarines at Katsura Wan, Uchiura Wan at Suruga Bay, Sendai, Onohama Shipyards and Choshi. At Saipan and Tinian UDTs 5, 6, and 7 were given the missions: day time for Saipan and night for Tinian. The Germans had constructed elaborate defenses on the French coast. I will not fail., Related Article DEVGRU: 7 things you didnt know about SEAL Team 6. Initially there was a lag in the unit's creation until President John F. Kennedy took office. Their purpose was to complete training and then return to Little Creek to develop tactical water entry techniques. It is a staple of Navy culture, often recited like a pledge of allegiance, reminding all service members of whom they are, and why they serve. Additionally, at their own expense, they ordered Corcoran Jump Boots, without which they could not attend the course. LTJG Leonard was put in charge of paring this group down to three officers and twelve enlisted men. If knocked down, I will get back up, every time. Francis Douglas Fane USNR (Ret. The Admiral tasked Lt. Thomas C. Crist (CEC) of CB 10 to develop a method for blasting coral under combat conditions and putting together a team for that purpose. Answer (1 of 3): It's called the "Ballad of the Frogman (slang for Navy Seals and UDT)". A special grabbing device on the nose of a C-130 enabled a pilot to snatch the cable tethered to the balloon and lift a person off the ground. While the teams all did the same job under the same conditions[30] the Navy gave them different unit awards: UDT 12 a PUC, UDT 14 a NUC and UDT 13 nothing. Core to Naval Special Warfares ongoing transformation are our high standards, humility, grit, problem-solving and relentless pursuit of excellence. He was scheduled to be executed on 28 April, but 3-days before, a friendly Czech working in the political department burned his file. Lone Survivor - UDT Navy Seal Diver (Frogman's Ballad) Although Navy and Marine Corps planners had identified coral as an issue, they incorrectly assumed landing craft would be able to crawl over the coral. To minimize their exposure to searchlights and anti-aircraft batteries, the jump was conducted during the dark of the moon from 400 feet, without a ground reception committee or ground lights, and with absolutely no circling. The UDTs, or "frogmen" were revived during the Korean War and took part in raids along the coast of Korea. By Rear Admiral H. W. Howard III, U.S. Navy. Following this training, Lcdr. Your email address will not be published. I lead by example in all situations. As the war in Europe was coming to a close, it was recognized that there were no known Partisan groups or resistance movements in Austria with whom to ally with. In March 2021, Naval Special Warfare Force Master Chief Bill King and I conducted undersea clandestine infiltration training on board a Virginia-class submarinesomething I had not done since I was an ensign at SEAL Team Eight out of the escape trunk of a Sturgeon-class submarine. Four UDT personnel acted as wave-guides for the Marine landing.[45]. Very simply, it became a rice bowl issue, much similar to the early non acceptance of UDT SEAL Combat Swimmers by the Navys diving community. In 1942, the Army and Navy jointly established the Amphibious Scout and Raider School at Fort Pierce, Florida. It also requires seeing the threats and opportunities. Related Article: How To Check If Someone Was A Navy SEAL. Recommended for kids ages 10 to 15, the Frogman Foundry is included with paid admission to the Museum. [15] His Group III worked on experimental demolitions and developed the Hagensen Pack. Naval Academy to serve as a Navy Special Warfare officer (NSW) is a hallowed and By Captain Danl Steward, U.S. Navy (Retired). This was the first exchange between Special Forces and the East Coast UDTs, and it ultimately led to a very close working relationship once SEAL Team TWO was established in 1962. Replicas of the Belgian Gates were constructed on the south coast of England for the NCDUs to practice demolitions on. Most of the procedures from Fort Pierce were changed, replaced with an emphasis on developing swimmers, daylight reconnaissance, and no lifelines. Their mission was to open sixteen 50-foot (15m) wide corridors for the landing at each of the U.S. landing zones (Omaha Beach and Utah Beach). Several days later, Mauthausen was liberated by the Americans and LT Taylor was set free. What is the Frogman Creed? - Quora Adversaries including China, Russia, North Korea, and Iran challenge individual freedoms, fundamental human rights, and the security of the global commons. My Trident is a symbol of honor and heritage. Carberry) should have received Navy Crosses. At Bikini the drones were controlled from the Begor. It wasnt clear why the Detachment was disbursed throughout the 250 man formation, but rumor had it that the Army didnt want this small group to stand out from the rest, particularly since the two class honormen were GM1 Ben Sulinski and CD1 Paul Grimes. Frogman - Navy SEAL Museum SHIP Store However, in the early 1950s, the UDTs decided they preferred open-circuit SCUBA, and converted entirely to it. On 27 April, 7 officers and 51 enlisted men embarked the USSBegor at the Seabee base Port Hueneme, CA,[37] for transit to Bikini. - navy frogman stock pictures, royalty-free photos & images Lieutenant Commander Lionel "Buster" Crabb of the Royal Navy, pictured at Livorno in Northern Italy during the Second World War. Operations began in February 1944 with Lt. Crist the first head of training. This was the first tower malfunction in the history of Airborne Training, which is phenomenal when you consider that nearly a quarter of a million trainees had passed through the Cradle of American Airborne before him. casualties. Admiral Turner also brought on LCDR Draper Kaufmann as a combat officer. LT (later CAPT) Bill Thede from UDT ONE attended the next class, and he was followed by LTJG (later CAPT) Allen Jones, Jr. from UDT FOUR. The bottom line was that this ensemble, referred to as a uniform, was motley looking at best. Copyright 2023 | National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum, The Museum is a 501(c)(3) organization. The need for intelligence gathering prior to landings became paramount following the amphibious assault at the Battle of Tarawa in November 1943. [38], A major issue afterwards was the treatment of the dislocated natives. LtCmdr. At Saipan UDT 7 developed a method to recover swimmers on the move without making the recovery vessel a stationary target. Pointed poles set into the coral reef protected the beaches on Okinawa. Teams 11 and 16 were sent in to blast the poles. Ballad of the US Navy SEAL Teams as Seen In The Lone Survivor Movie I saw this film last week only and was in awe of this speech. As a result of their actions the UDT mission model evolved to daylight reconnaissance, wearing swim trunks, fins, and masks. In January 1951, LT (later CAPT) Bruce Dunning from UDT TWO was the first UDT operator selected to attend this specialized, tri-Service training. The UDTs also began developing weapons skills and procedures for commando operations on land in coastal regions. Across the spectrum of warfare, the United States and its allies face new challenges. [17] A few were temporarily attached to UDTs. %
[24] Teams 4 & 7 also received Naval Unit Commendations. The UDTs have received several unit citations and commendations. The first operation after Tarawa was Operation Flintlock in the Marshall Islands. 2 0 obj
The greatest difficulty was on Omaha Beach. [52], Naval Combat Demolition Force O (Omaha beach) Normandy, Naval Combat Demolition Force U (Utah beach): Normandy. Vol. [33] Orders arrived for Begor to return the team to San Diego on 27 September. The men were multi-service: Army, Coast Guard, Marine Corps and Navy. Turner recognized that amphibious operations required intelligence of underwater obstacles. Admiral Nimitz needed swimmers and did approve their transfer from the OSS to his operational and administrative control. Large 3-ton steel barricades called Belgian Gates and hedgehogs were placed throughout the tidal zone. Opportunities to train, learn, and operate new technologies and share data for common intelligence and domain awareness result in integrated capabilities to deter those who would threaten freedom. When the U.S. entered World War II, Jack Taylor, a 33-year old orthodontist practicing in California, joined the Navy as a line officer and initially served on a sub-chaser. "Been around the world twice, talked to everyone onceThere ain't nothing I can't do - no sky too high, no sea too roughLearned a lot of lessons in my lifeNev. PDF Navy SEAL Creed - Operation Military Kids Across the spectrum of warfare, the United States and its allies face new challenges. Shane Patton : I'm a lover, I'm a fighter, I'm a UDT Navy SEAL diver. [19] Lt. Crist started by recruiting others he had blasted coral with in CB 10 and by the end November 1943 he had assembled close to 30 officers and 150 enlisted men from the 7th Naval Construction Regiment,[4] at Waipio Amphibious Operating Base on Maui.[19]. The Frogmen had taken on the role of "unconventional warfare," moving further away from their original focus . Later, the UDTs supported the Amphibious Ready Groups operating on South Vietnam's rivers. In truth, they probably feared that UDTs marching skills would cause great hilarity and embarrassment, and that it would be far better to spread the Detachment out amongst the masses. [39] He sent a request to CINCPACFLT who forwarded it to COMPHIBPAC. They were predecessors of the navy's current SEAL teams. UDT 1 and UDT 3 divers went in ahead of the landing craft, scouting mud flats, marking low points in the channel, clearing fouled propellers, and searching for mines. 3 0 obj
With existing data on human performance, machines, and adversaries, and applying recent DoD policies for digital advantage, we are applying AI to human warfighting readiness, corporate efficiencies, and intelligence, maneuver, protection, and firesto create advantage. To that end, Turner ordered the formation of underwater demolition teams to do reconnaissance of beach conditions and do removal of submerged obstructions for Amphibious operations. Open-circuit SCUBA is less useful to combat divers, as the exhausted air produces a tell-tale trail of bubbles. UDT 15 was an all NCDU team. Rear Admiral Turner, the Navy's amphibious expert, ordered the formation of Underwater Demolition Teams in response to the assault debacle experienced at Tarawa. Naval Special Warfare Archives, After Operation Crossroads Kili Island, Mack M. Boynton, December 21, 2013, "Closed-circuit oxygen diving in the U.S. Navy", "Lambertsen and O2: beginnings of operational physiology", "SEAL History: Underwater Demolition Teams in the Korean War | National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum", "SEAL History: Vietnam-The Men With Green Faces | National Navy UDT-SEAL Museum", List of Award Abbreviations, Chief of Naval Operations, 2000 Navy Pentagon, Washington, D.C. 20350, Naval History and Heritage Command website, Part 2 Unit Awards, Published:Mon Aug 31 14:01:11 EDT 2015, p. 22, US Navy Awards, Chief of Naval Operations, 2000 Navy Pentagon, Washington, D.C. 20350, OPNAV NOTICE 1650, MASTER LIST OF UNIT AWARDS AND CAMPAIGN MEDALS, DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY, OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF NAVAL OPERATIONS, 2000 NAVY PENTAGON, WASHINGTON, DC 20350-2000, 18 September 2002, NavyFrogMen.com U. S. Naval Special Warfare Archives, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Underwater_Demolition_Team&oldid=1139956024, OPNAV NOTICE 1650, MASTER LIST OF UNIT AWARDS AND CAMPAIGN MEDALS, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 18:17. Naval special warfare is the nations naval commando force. Prior to Tarawa, both Naval and Marine Corps planners had identified coral as an issue for amphibious operations. A common man with uncommon desire to succeed. Special operations command-and-control (C2) concepts have been redesigned to address the operational risk for complex 21st-century missions. Some loved it, some disliked it, and the majority accepted it as a necessary part of being a Frogman. In May 1983, the remaining UDT teams were reorganized as SEAL teams. The last UDT demolition operation of the war was on 4 July 1945 at Balikpapan, Borneo. [15] Each Unit had five Combat engineers attached to it. Authoritarian states conduct irregular statecraft and operations in the gray zone between peace and war, aiming to coerce nation-states, normalize government and private market corruption, and subvert the international rules-based order. Lt Cmdr. We are learning how to integrate our capabilities to complement the F-35 Lightning II, littoral combat ships, Zumwalt-class destroyers, Military Sealift Command assets, and Navy unmanned vehicles. 'Frogman against frogman': Case against Navy SEAL sparks debate [citation needed]. They measured the actual depths of the water, detected natural or man-made obstructions under the surface, and observed the enemy's defensive . The first 10 NCDUs divided into three groups. Finally in 1960, UDTs were authorized an allowance of parachutes. For Guam UDTs 3, 4, and 6 were the teams assigned. LtCmdr. The Marine Corps provided both training and an organizational model. In 2021, we trained with Japanese, South Korean, Australian, and Indian counterparts in the Indo-Pacific theater and with Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Romania, Cyprus, and Greece in the European theater. During WWII the Navy did not have a rating for the UDTs nor did they have an insignia. Rear Admiral Howard is the Commander, Naval Special Warfare Command, based in San Diego, California. When Teams 1 and 2 were formed they were "provisional" and trained by a Marine Corps Amphibious Reconnaissance Battalion that had nothing to do with the Fort Pierce program. Operating alongside these manned and unmanned platforms, we are testing new concepts, technologies, and tactics; contributing to the Navys unmanned task force mission; and amplifying the lethality, scalability, access, and precision of Navy combat power. In those days, the aircraft was the C 119 Flying Boxcar and the parachute assembly was the T 10 with an unmodified 35 Ft Canopy. A more traditional role for the UDT was in support of Operation CHROMITE, the amphibious landing at Inchon. Francis "Doug" Fane, then a senior UDT commander. The three teams worked for five days clearing the waters edge. The LCI(G) crews suffered more than the UDTs with the skipper of one boat earning a Medal of Honor. GO! By Captain David Del Giudice, U.S. Navy (Retired). The higher-ranking officers of the UDT frowned upon this activity because it was a non-traditional use of the Naval forces, which took them too far from the water line. Since thermal protection for swimmers was not available, UDTs were at risk to these hazards working around Okinawa. Required fields are marked *. [37], UDT Easy, later named UDT 3, was given the designation TU 1.1.3 for the Operation and was assigned the control and maintenance of the drone boats. These initiatives are anchored in a renewed emphasis on undersea and seabed warfare. I serve with honor on and off the battlefield. "He would go up to Camp Peary's Dynamite School and assemble the Seabees in the auditorium saying: "I need volunteers for hazardous, prolonged and distant duty. In the quest to innovate for military advantage and edge, Naval Special Warfare is prioritizing the distinctive missions that only we can dounder, on, and above the sea and into the littorals. He later demonstrated the LARU to Army Engineers, the Coast Guard, and the UDTs. endobj
[33] Their assessment was that the area was well suited for landing U.S. amphibious forces. Their resolute examples inspire how Naval Special Warfare today is evolving to fight under, on, and above the sea to extend the reach of the joint force into denied areas for intelligence collection and high-leverage, efficient, and effective actions. Oceana Naval Air Station was tasked to provide CIA aircraft, rigger support and a parachute loft with drying tower, and Army riggers from the XVIII Airborne Corps provided training in T 10 parachute packing to the Navy riggers. Subsequently he, along with DC1 Ed Reynolds, SM2 Joe Messenger and SK2 Herky Hertenstein qualified in High Altitude, Low Opening (HALO) techniques, also at Yuma. The Sailor's Creed - Navy By nightfall thirteen of the planned sixteen gaps were open. The real story is apparently quite different. Following graduation, the Detachment remained for an additional week of Jumpmaster Training, which included three more jumps. On 20 August 1945 USSBegor embarked UDT 21 at Guam as a component of the U.S. occupation force heading for Japan. [39] This ultimately resulted in the sending of UDT 3 on a Civic action program that turned out better than politicians could have hoped. It was possible to blow a gate to pieces, but that only created a mass of tangled iron creating more of an obstacle. The SEALs quickly earned a reputation for valor and stealth in Vietnam, where they conducted clandestine raids in perilous territory. Admiral Turner wanted the intelligence and to get it, the men that Lt. Crist had staged were used to form Underwater Demolition Teams: UDT 1 and UDT 2. When the SEAL Teams were established in 1962, SEAL Team TWO, with their base of experience and proximity to Fort Bragg, NC, had a significant advantage and capitalized on it by sending most of their personnel through the Armys HALO School. Here Lieutenant Commander Phil H. Bucklew, the "Father of Naval Special Warfare", helped organize and train what became the Navy's 'first group' to specialize in amphibious raids and tactics. With no budget for jump boots and uniform upgrades, all personnel spent their own funds for the necessary items. UDT 16 aborted the operation due to the death of one of their men; hence, their mission was considered a failure. UDTs manned riverine patrol craft and went ashore to demolish obstacles and enemy bunkers. Admiral Turner ordered the formation of nine teams, three for III Amphibious Corps and six for V Amphibious Corps(in all teams 311). Following graduation, the Second Platoon reciprocated in May 1961 by cross training some of the 1st SFG jump cadre and command personnel in SCUBA in the waters off Okinawa. UDTs were pioneers in underwater demolition, closed-circuit diving, combat swimming, and midget submarine (dry and wet submersible) operations. endobj
Fane then started the classified "Submersible Operations" or SUBOPS platoon with men drawn from UDT 2 and 4 under the direction of Lieutenant (junior grade) Bruce Dunning.[40][43]. Underwater Demolition Team - Wikipedia The Navy Sea, Air, and Land Teams, also known as Navy SEALs, are the U.S. Navy's primary special operations force and are trained to operate in all environments for which they are named.. Image: Wikipedia.org. They frequently tour around the world and engage in small conflicts with the enemy. There were so many broached or damaged landing craft and the beach was so clogged with war debris that there was no place for landing craft to get ashore. These efforts will give us an edge in leader selection and candid feedback for self-improvement and individual development. The Scouts and Raiders spent weeks gathering information during nightly surveillance missions up and down the French coast. In the mid-1950s, the Navy saw how the UDT's mission had expanded to a broad range of "unconventional warfare", but also that this clashed with the UDT's traditional focus on swimming and diving operations. The Sailor's Creed was written by a Blue Ribbon Recruit Training Panel in 1993 at the direction of Chief . We are experimenting with autonomous marsupial conceptsthings in and on things that do thingsthat leverage interoperable multidomain robots. [35], UDT 8 was also sent to China and was at Taku, Chefoo, and Tsingtao.[36].